Macdonell's Grammar

Macdonell's Grammar

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  • CONTENTS
  • 1. TABLE OF DEVANĀGARĪ LETTERS
  • CHAPTER I
  • 1. Sanskrit
  • 2. From the Vedic language
  • 3. A form of Scientific Writing
  • 4. The Devanāgirī alphabet
  • 5. The Vowels
  • 6. Sounds of Devanāgirī alphabet
  • 7. Anusvāra
  • 8. In writing the Devanāgirī alphabet
  • 9. Consonants
  • 10. When the five nasals
  • 11. If a consonant is immediately
  • 12. Modifications of simple Consonants
  • 13. List of Componud Consonants
  • 14. The Numerical Figures
  • 15. Pronunciation
  • CHAPTER II
  • 16. In Sanskrit
  • 17. Vowels are divided
  • 18. Combination of Final and Initial Vowels
  • 19. a and ā
  • 20. Liquid vowel
  • 21. The Guṇa Vowels
  • 22. The Vṛddhi Vowels
  • 23. Vṛiddhi instead of Guṇa
  • 24. Interjectional Particals
  • 25. The Vowels
  • 26. In the Epics
  • 27. The rules of Sandhi
  • 28. No word may end
  • 29. Place or organ of articulation
  • 30.Quality of Consonants
  • 31. Essential to remember
  • 32. Final Consonants
  • 33. k,ṭ,t,p
  • 34. Final t
  • 35. Since the nasals
  • 36. The dental nasal
  • 37. The only four
  • 38. Final t before palatals
  • 39. Final t before ṭ
  • 40. Final n before j
  • 41. Before ḍ
  • 42. Fianl m remains
  • 43. Final Visarga
  • 44. Visarga (except)
  • 45. The Final Syllable āḥ
  • 46. The Final Syllable aḥ
  • 47. r followed
  • 48. The two Pronouns
  • 49. bhoḥ
  • 50. Nouns
  • 51. Doubling of Consonants
  • 52. Fianl ṅ
  • 53. Initial ś
  • 54. Initial h
  • 55. If gh
  • 56. The rules of internal sandhi
  • 57. In many cases
  • 58. Final ṝ
  • 59. e, ai, o
  • 60. The most notable divergence
  • 61. Nominal or verbal
  • 62. Aspirates
  • 63. Palatals
  • 64. Cerebrals
  • 65. Change of dental n to cerebral ṇ
  • 66. The dental n
  • 67. Change of dental s to cerebral ṣ
  • 68. The labial m
  • 69. The soft breathing h
  • CHAPTER III
  • 70. Declension
  • 71. Normal Case Endings
  • 72. An important distinction
  • 73. The strong stem
  • 74. Nouns
  • 75. Unchangeable Stems
  • 76. Final consonants
  • 77. Stems in Dentals
  • 78. Stems in Labials
  • 79. Stems in Palatals
  • 80. Stems in Cerebrals
  • 81. Stems in h
  • 82. Stems in r
  • 83. Stems in s
  • 84. Changeable Stems
  • 85. Nouns with Two Stems
  • 86. The stems of the adjectives
  • 87. Adjectives formed with the suffix
  • 88. Comparatives
  • 89. Nouns with Three Stems
  • 90. Nouns
  • 91. Irregular Stem
  • 92. The root
  • 93. Adjectives in ac
  • 94. The beginner
  • 95. The feminines
  • 96. Irregular Nouns with Changeable Stems
  • 97. Stems ending in Vowels
  • 98. Stems in i and u
  • 99. Irregularities
  • 100. Stems in ī and ū
  • 101. Stems in ṛ
  • 102. Stems in ai, o,au
  • 103. Degrees of Comparison
  • 104. Numerals
  • 105. Declension of Cardinals
  • 106. Six
  • 107. Ordinals
  • 108. Numeral Adverbs and other Derivatives
  • 109. Pronouns
  • 110. Demonstrative Pronouns
  • 111. Pronominal roots
  • 112. Demonstrative pronoun
  • 113. Interrogative pronoun
  • 114. Relative pronoun
  • 115. Reflexive pronouns
  • 116. Possesive pronouns
  • 117. Compound pronouns
  • 118. Addind vat
  • 119. The interrogative ka
  • 120. Pronominal Adjective
  • CHAPTER IV
  • 121. Sanskrit verbs
  • 122. Five tenses
  • 123. The Present System
  • 124. The Ten Classes
  • 125. First Conjugation
  • 126. Second Conjugation
  • 127. Second or Ad class
  • 128. The Augment
  • 129. Reduplication
  • 130. Special rule of Reduplication for the Third class
  • 131. Terminations
  • 132. Paradigms
  • 133. Irregularities of the Prsent Stem
  • 134. Second Conjugation
  • 135. The Present Tense
  • 136. Singular perfect active is strong
  • 137. The Weak stem
  • 138. Paradigms of the Reduplicated Perfect
  • 139. Irregularities
  • 140. Periphrastic Perfect
  • 141. Aorist
  • 142. The other three forms
  • 143. Second or s-form
  • 144. Irregularities of the s-form
  • 145. Third or iṣ form
  • 146. Fourth or siṣ form
  • 147. Second Aorist
  • 148. Second Form
  • 149. Third or Reduplicated Form
  • 150. Benedictive or Precative
  • 151. Simple Future
  • 152. Periphrastic Future
  • 153. Conditional
  • 154. Passive
  • 155. Aorist Passive
  • 156. Participles, Grund and Infinitive
  • 157. Reduplicated perfect
  • 158. Ātmanepada and Passive Participles
  • 159. Perfect Ātm.
  • 160. Perfect Passive
  • 161. By adding the possesive suffix
  • 162. The Future Passive Participle
  • 163. Gerund or Indeclinable Participle
  • 164. Verb is compounded
  • 165. tya is added
  • 166. Rare Indeclinable Participle
  • 167. Infinitive
  • 168. Derivative Verbs
  • 169. Desideratives
  • 170. Special Rules of Reduplication
  • 171. Irregularities
  • 172. Intensives Frequentatives
  • 173. Reduplicative syllable take Guṇa
  • 174. gṛ awake
  • 175. Denominatives
  • CHAPTER V
  • 176. Indeclinable Words
  • 177. Prepositional Adverbs
  • 178. Case-notions
  • 179. Prepositional Gerunds
  • 180. Conjuctive and Adverbial Particles
  • 181. Interjections
  • CHAPTER VI
  • 182. Nominal Stem Formation and Compounds
  • 183. Gender for the Sanskrit Noun
  • 184. Verbal Compounds
  • 185. Nominal Compounds
  • 186. Co-ordinative Compounds
  • 187. Dependant Determinatives
  • 188. Discriptive Determinatives
  • 189. Possesive Compounds
  • CHAPTER VII
  • 190. Outlines of Syntax
  • 191. The Order of Words
  • 192. The Article
  • 193. Number
  • 194. Concord
  • 195. Pronouns
  • 196. The Cases
  • 197. Accusative
  • 198. Double Accusative
  • 199. Instrumental
  • 200. Dative
  • 201. Ablative
  • 202. Genitive
  • 203. Locative
  • 204. Anwering to the question
  • 205. Locative and Genitive Absolute
  • 206. Participles
  • 207. Present Participles
  • 208. Past Participles
  • 209. Future Participles Passive
  • 210. Indeclinable Participles
  • 211. Infinitive
  • 212. Tenses and Moods - Present
  • 213. Past Tenses
  • 214. Future
  • 215. Imperative
  • 216. Optative or Potential
  • 217. Benedictive or Precative
  • 218. Conditional
  • APPENDIX I - List of Verbs
  • APPENDIX II - Metre
  • APPENDIX III - Vedic Grammar
  • SANSKRIT INDEX
  • GENERAL INDEX
CONTENTS‎ > ‎

CHAPTER III

70. Declension
71. Normal Case Endings
72. An important distinction
73. The strong stem
74. Nouns
75. Unchangeable Stems
76. Final consonants
77. Stems in Dentals
78. Stems in Labials
79. Stems in Palatals
80. Stems in Cerebrals
81. Stems in h
82. Stems in r
83. Stems in s
84. Changeable Stems
85. Nouns with Two Stems
86. The stems of the adjectives
87. Adjectives formed with the suffix
88. Comparatives
89. Nouns with Three Stems
90. Nouns
91. Irregular Stem
92. The root
93. Adjectives in ac
94. The beginner
95. The feminines
96. Irregular Nouns with Changeable Stems
97. Stems ending in Vowels
98. Stems in i and u
99. Irregularities
100. Stems in ī and ū
101. Stems in ṛ
102. Stems in ai, o,au
103. Degrees of Comparison
104. Numerals
105. Declension of Cardinals
106. Six
107. Ordinals
108. Numeral Adverbs and other Derivatives
109. Pronouns
110. Demonstrative Pronouns
111. Pronominal roots
112. Demonstrative pronoun
113. Interrogative pronoun
114. Relative pronoun
115. Reflexive pronouns
116. Possesive pronouns
117. Compound pronouns
118. Addind vat
119. The interrogative ka
120. Pronominal Adjective


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